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滇黃精塊莖

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2016/8/11 15:39:13 發(fā)布者： 瀏覽次數(shù)：

中文名（Chinese Name）：滇黃精

學(xué)名（Scientific Name）：Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl.

英文名（English Common Name）：

別名（Chinese Common Name）：節(jié)節(jié)高、仙人飯

異名（Synonym）：Polygonatum uncinatum Diels  Polygonatum darrisii H. Lév.  Polygonatum cavaleriei H. Lév.  Polygonatum agglutinatum Hua  Polygonatum ericoideum H. Lév.  Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium D. M. Liu et W. Z. Zeng  Polygonatum kingianum var. uncinatum (Diels) C. Jeffrey et McEwan  Polygonatum esquirolii H. Lév.  Polygonatum kingianum var. cavaleriei (H. Lév.) C. Jeffrey et McEwan  Polygonatum kingianum var. ericoideum (H. Lév.) C. Jeffrey et McEwan  Polygonatum huanum H. Lév.

科屬（Family & Genus）：百合科（Liliaceae）黃精屬

形態(tài)特征（Description）：根狀莖近圓柱形或近連珠狀，結(jié)節(jié)有時(shí)作不規(guī)則菱狀，肥厚，直徑1-3厘米。莖高1-3米，頂端作攀援狀。葉輪生，每輪3-10枚，條形、條狀披針形或披針形，長(zhǎng)6 -20（-25）厘米，寬3-30毫米，先端拳卷�；ㄐ蚓撸�1-）2-4（-6）花，總花梗下垂，長(zhǎng)1-2厘米，花梗長(zhǎng)0.5-1.5厘米，苞片膜質(zhì)，微小，通常位于花梗下部；花被粉紅色，長(zhǎng)18-25毫米，裂片長(zhǎng)3-5毫米；花絲長(zhǎng)3-5毫米，絲狀或兩側(cè)扁，花藥長(zhǎng) 4-6毫米；子房長(zhǎng)4-6毫米，花柱長(zhǎng)（8-）10-14毫米。漿果紅色，直徑1-1.5厘米，具7-12顆種子。花期3-5月，果期9-10月。

分布（Distribution）：產(chǎn)云南、四川、貴州。生海拔700-3600 米林下、灌叢或陰濕草坡，有時(shí)生巖石上。越南、緬甸也有。

用途（Use）：根狀莖也作黃精用。

引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 228

Polygonatum kingianum Collett & Hemsley, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 138. 1890.

滇黃精 dian huang jing | Liliaceae  | Polygonatum

Polygonatum agglutinatum Hua; P. cavaleriei H. Léveillé; P. darrisii H. Léveillé; P. ericoideum H. Léveillé; P. esquirolii H. Léveillé; P. huanum H. Léveillé; P. kingianum var. cavaleriei (H. Léveillé) C. Jeffrey & McEwan; P. kingianum var. ericoideum (H. Léveillé) C. Jeffrey & McEwan; P. kingianum var. grandifolium D. M. Liu & W. Z. Zeng; P. kingianum var. uncinatum (Diels) C. Jeffrey & McEwan; P. uncinatum Diels.

Rhizome subterete or submoniliform, 1--3 cm thick. Stem erect, 1--3 m, glabrous, apex subscandent. Leaves in whorls of 3--10, sessile, linear to lanceolate, 6--20(--25) × 0.3--3 cm, herbaceous or leathery, apex cirrose. Inflorescences (1 or)2--4(--6)-flowered; peduncle 1--2 cm, pendulous; bracts borne usually on proximal part of pedicel, small, membranous. Pedicel 0.5--1.5 cm. Perianth pink or white, cylindric-campanulate, 1.8--2.5 cm; lobes 3--5 mm. Filaments filiform or compressed, 1.7--5 mm, glabrous or slightly papillose; anthers 4--6 mm. Ovary 4--6 mm. Style (0.8--)1--1.4 cm. Berries red, 1--1.5 cm in diam., 7--12-seeded. Fl. Mar--May, fr. Sep--Oct. 2 n = 26*, 30*, 32*, 64.

Forests, thickets, shaded moist grassy slopes and rocks; 700--3600 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan [Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].

This species is highly variable. For example, the type of Polygonatum cavaleriei ( Cavalerie 2166, E) is apparently quite different from that of P. kingianum in leaves and flowers. Further studies are needed to confirm whether or not the synonyms listed above for P. kingianum really belong to this species.